El futuro

THE FUTURE

The future breaks the pattern you have learned so far, in a way that makes it easier. Instead of removing the infinitive ending to find a stem, you keep the whole infinitive and attach the endings to it: hablar becomes hablaré, comer becomes comeré, vivir becomes viviré. One set of endings serves every verb in the language.

One set of endings, on the whole infinitive

No -ar/-er/-ir split at all — the classes only differ in their infinitives, and the infinitive is kept. Every form carries a written accent except nosotros.

All verbs

hablar, comer, vivir + …

-ás-emos-éis-án

When Spanish actually uses it

Everyday speech often prefers ir a + infinitive for plans — voy a hablar, “I'm going to speak” — or even the plain present for the near future. The conjugated future leans more formal or more distant, and it has a second job English handles differently: guessing. Used about the present moment, it expresses probability.

Mañana hablaré con el director.

Tomorrow I will speak with the director. A firm statement about the future.

Serán las diez, más o menos.

It must be about ten o'clock. The future of probability: a guess about right now, not a prediction.

The twelve irregular stems

Twelve verbs — and their compounds — swap the infinitive for a shortened stem. The endings never change, even here. The stems come in three flavours:

sabré

the vowel drops

saber, poder → podré, querer → querré, caber

tendré

a d slips in

tener, poner → pondré, venir → vendré, salir → saldré, valer

diré

a short stem

decir; hacer → haré (and haber → habré)

Compounds inherit their base verb's stem: contener gives contendré, componer gives compondré. See tener or decir with every irregular form marked in this color.

Learn the stem once, get two tenses

The conditional — hablaría, “I would speak” — is built on exactly the same stem as the future, regular or irregular: tendré and tendría, diré and diría. Master these twelve stems and you have already done the hard part of a tense you have not met yet.